Code of Ethics Essay Example for Free

Code of Ethics Essay The primary purpose of a code of ethics is to safeguard the welfare of clients by providing what is in their best interest. It is also designed to safeguard the public and to guide professionals in their work so that they can provide the best service possible. All professional counselors are obligated to perform by a code of ethics. The American Counseling Association (ACA) provides guidance in resolving moral problems that professionals may encounter, whereas Christian counselors not only abide by the ACA Code of Ethics but also by the American Association of Christian Counselors AACC code, which promotes excellence and brings unity to Christian counselors, and gives honor to Jesus Christ. This paper will address the broad similarities and differences between the two codes, as well as comparisons in the specific areas of Confidentiality, Sexual Intimacies and Discrimination. Codes of Ethics Comparison A code of ethics is a systematic statement of ethical standards that represent the moral convictions and guide the practice behavior of a group (Clinton and Ohlschlager, 2002). † With that in mind, every counseling discipline has an ethics code which is continuously revised and updated to stay current with emerging issue, and to promote elevated clarity and direction to the profession. Thus, the ACA and AACC codes of ethics were both created to assist their members to better serve their clients. They also define values and behavioral standards necessary for ethical counseling. Yet while they are similar in intent, they are distinct in their foundational premise. General Similarities and Differences Both codes stress the importance of â€Å"promoting the welfare of consumers, practicing within the scope of one’s competence, doing no harm to the client, protecting client’s confidentiality and privacy, acting ethically and responsibly, avoiding exploitation, and upholding the integrity of the profession by striving for aspirational practice †(Corey, p. 6). However, the biggest difference between the two codes rests in the streams of influence, whereas the AACC code is rooted in a biblical worldview. In other words, the primary goal of the AACC is â€Å"to bring honor to Jesus Christ and his church, promote excellence in Christian counseling and bring unity to Christian counselors† (AACC, 2004). However, the ACA’s goals are educational, scientific, and professional. It strives to enhance the quality of life in society by promoting the development of professional counselors, advancing the counseling profession, and using the profession and practice of counseling to promote respect for human dignity and diversity (ACA, 2005). The primary goal of the AACC is â€Å"to bring honor to Jesus Christ and is church, promote excellence in Christian counseling and bring unity to Christian counselors† (AACC, 2004) Specific Comparisons Both codes express a high priority on client confidentiality. Also, they express the value of discussing and securing written consent from the client. They also both discuss the importance of client disclosure in that protecting confidential communication is always the first response of the counselor. The counselor is mandated to disclose information in life threaten or abusive situations. However, the distinct difference between the AACC and the ACA is in the area of privileged communication. While both associations require that counselors do not disclose client information as it relates to training, research or publication, the AACC adds that â€Å"Christian counselors do not disclose confidential client communications in any supervisory, consultation, teaching, preaching, publishing, or other activity without written or other legal authorization by the client† (AACC, 2004). The ACA and the AACC codes differ greatly in the concept of sexual Intimacies. In fact, The ACA (2005) used the term â€Å"sexual or romantic interactions or relationship†. In other words The ACA (2005) does not forbid, but sets guidelines pertaining to any participation of sexual or romantic interaction with any current or formal clients for a period of 5 years following the last professional contact. However, the AACC declared that all forms of sexual interactions or relationships outside of marriage are unethical. The only exception to this rule is marriage, which the AACC (2004) declared as â€Å"honorable before God†. Thus, guidelines have been appropriated to allow for such a case. In addition, Christian counselors are also forbidden to counsel current or former sexual partners and or marital partners. (AACC, 2004 )Discrimination can result in serious problems for both the people that hold them and the people that they are prejudiced against. Both associations agree that non-discrimination is the best practice, for clients should not be denied service based on age, religion, sexual orientation etc. However, the AACC maintains its biblical perspective in that counselors are to encourage biblical principles. While Christian counselors must not discriminate, they also cannot condone certain practices that conflict with biblical principles. For instance, in the area of sexual orientation, Christian counselors will not deny service. However they will â€Å"encourage sexual celibacy or biblically prescribed sexual behavior while such issues are being addressed† (AACC, 2004). Conclusion There are many similarities and differences relating to the code of ethics for the American Association of Christian Counselors (AACC) and the American Counseling Association (ACA). Through these areas we realize that the code of ethics sets boundaries and regulations for all professional counselors and without them, counselors could not be effective or productive in their true calling.

The decisive stage of Balkan civilisational development :: essays research papers

In the last decade of the 20th century, the Balkan region and the broader area of South Eastern Europe, a number of states with old traditions or new emerging transformations, have entered into a recurrent, historically decisive stage of their civilisational development. The characteristic parameters are: †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  an exceptional dynamism, instability and contradictory processes, events and phenomena; †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  noticeable and periodical ethnic - minority, confessional, territorial and other problems and contradictions which unfavorably influence the general stability of the region and mutual relations among the Balkan states; †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  non - equality of the countries from the region regarding the guarantees of their national security which depends on whether they are members of the European and Euro - Atlantic economic and political structures and organizations or not; †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  an imbalance in their arms and armed forces as a result of the accumulated differences in military and economic potentials of the states in the region and the old bioc approach to the composition and implementation of the agreements in this area; †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  periodically tense socio - economic problems and crises, which have turned into a characteristic feature of the internal political situation in the states of the region; †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  the strong aspirations of all countries in the region, bar none, towards an accelerated, full and equal integration into the European economic, political and military structures, combined with attempts at establishing and strengthening mutual confidence, cooperation and a general Balkan dialogue; †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  the continuing geo-political restructuring, both relations to the political powers in the countries of the region and in the sub - regional and regional levels. The basic factors from a political, economic, military and humanitarian point of view influencing the various components of the geo - political situation and security in the Balkans and South Eastern Europe at the end of the XX century, can be characterized by the fact that, in addition to their individual relevance, they most often occur in combination and are manifested with different strength and intensity in each Balkan State respectively. From a political aspect, this group of factors has the strongest effect on the changes in the geo - political status quo and preserves its leading role at the present. Some of the more relevant factors among these are the following: †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A major change in the geo - political configuration of the region and the appearance of a number of new sovereign and independent states as individual subjects in international relations; a new formula emerged: 11+2 states in the region (until the beginning of the 90's when there were 6+1);

Lake Malawi National Park Essay

The aim of sustainable tourism is to ensure that development is a positive experience for local people; tourism companies; and tourists themselves. 3 Ecotourism that focus on wildlife and nature started in malawi in1980. Some research indicates that such tourism may not in fact benefit these communities–as it might lead to them becoming dependent on the tourist economy, without developing skills that would allow them flexibility in the economy and be more of a long term guarantee. But despite this optimistic objective, sustainable tourism is still not widely understood. For a start, ‘sustainable tourism’ is not necessarily ‘ecotourism’. Dave N. et al(1988) , however, has indicated that such tourism may not actually be good for environment, or for the people who experience this attention. Safaris in Kenya, for example, are undoubtedly ‘ecotourism’. But Kenya is full of cases where lions have been forced into erratic behaviour because of excessive tourists, or where the local Masai people have failed to benefit from this kind of development. More importantly, ‘ecotourism’ does not involve more mainstream beach-or city-based tourism, where impacts are much greater than any nature-based tourism. Sustainable tourism, therefore, is an attempt to improve the impacts of all types of tourism, and this 3 Twan H. (1999),Tourism in developing countries. p. p-125 1 Literature Review 2 implies seeking ways to build partnerships between tourism companies and local governments or managers of resorts. 4 Ecotourism a form of tourism that focuses exclusively on wildlife, nature, or â€Å"exotic† cultures. Some argue that it is environmental tourism5. Sustainable development is a development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The notion â€Å"quality of life† includes everything that influences the situation in which people live. Hence, it includes much more than material consumption. It is intended to capture the importance of health, culture, and nature. there are two important restrictions, though †quality of life† doesn? t include the welfare that people derive from their from the children? s consumptions . likewise, only natures instrumental value(ie, value in its own right regardless of human experience); a vague term used to market anything related to nature or 4 David N. et al. 1988)

George And Lennie Relationship Analysis - 871 Words

In the novella Of Mice And Men by John Steinbeck, the relationship between Lennie Small and George Milton is complex. Lennie and George are two companions who look for work and brave the hardships of the Dust Bowl and the Great Depression together. Although Lennie and George are both grown men, their relationship resembles more of a child and a single parent, or a boy and his dog. Lennie is portrayed as animalistic and childish through his behavior and Steinbeck’s comparisons. This reveals the crucial power dynamic in George and Lennie’s relationship. In the beginning of the novella, Lennie is portrayed as innocent and dependent on George. When Lennie had a mouse and George asked for it, Steinbeck describes Lennie’s reaction†¦show more content†¦Burns continues by saying that unpropitious events occur, even in the lives of the everyday man. Burns implies that the mouse should consider himself lucky because it cannot think about the past; it only focuses on the present and the future, while men dwell on the past. Lennie and the mouse have similar characteristics; just like the mouse, Lennie cannot remember the past. In the novella, George gets frustrated with Lennie for always forgetting things. When Lennie could not remember why they had left Weed and why they were going somewhere new, George says â€Å"...[s]o you forgot already†(4). In Steinbecks Of Mice and Men, Lennie is a metaphor for the mouse, and George a metaphor for men. George can look back on the past, which is why he carries the responsibility of Lennie. Lennie is again given animalistic character traits. Steinbeck does this to create a dynamic in Lennie and George’s relationship, that of a man and animal. In which George is the responsible one who looks out for Lennie. The parallels between Lennie and George’s relationship and the relationship that their workmate, Candy had with his dog reaffirm the power dynamic between George and Lennie. In the novella, Candy must kill his dog because it is old and weak. Candy felt such extreme regret when it came time to kill his dog, that instead of doingShow MoreRelatedGeorge And Lennie Relationship Analysis801 Words   |  4 Pagesparent? George and Lennie’s relationship is similar to a parents and childs relationship. In the book Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck, George and Lennie are working men during the Great Depression. Lennie is a little kid in a big man’s body, while George is a short-tempered man who looks after Lennie. Lennie has a mental disability which is why he needs George to help him survive. Due to George constantly helping Lennie, Lennie has become reliant on George. Lennie is dependent on George based onRead MoreLiterary Analysis : Of Mice And Men1009 Words   |  5 PagesLiterary Analysis Rough Draft Friendship and companionship play a big role in people s life and how they interact with others, and the world in general. How people build relationships is something that will stick with them for the rest of their lives. The less relationships that people build, the more lonely, and self-kept they become. Throughout the book Of Mice and Men, George, and Lennie are examples of the positive effects on building relationships, and Crooks is an example of the negativeRead MoreOf Mice and Men Literary Analysis1242 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Of Mice and Men Literary Analysis Of Mice and Men is a novel about two men and their struggle to reach their dreams of owning their own ranch. 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George Milton Lennie Small being the two ranch workers who always find themselves fleeing from town to town, ranch to ranch; never being able to settle down they find themselves moving up northwest after Lennie gets himself into a bit of trouble back in their previous location Weed. As of after heRead MoreJohn Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men1205 Words   |  5 PagesSteinbeck uses Crooks’ situation to symbolize loneliness as he lived in isolation from the white men on the ranch. The first interaction he experienced was when Lennie saw the light on in Crooks’ room and the reader was exposed to the idea of racial prejudice in California during the 30’s. . Crooks bri ngs up the idea of George not coming back to Lennie and right before things were to get out of hand, Crooks confesses â€Å"I was talkin’ about myself. A guy sets alone out here at night, †¦ sometimes he gets thinkin’Read MoreOf Mice And Men By Lora Colon1750 Words   |  7 PagesJunna Chen Peterson Honors English 25 September 2015 Of Mice and Men Analysis â€Å"But, I m already resigned to this fate / Looking over my life, I recall / If it hadn t been / for the loneliness / I d have no companion at all. † This stanza from â€Å"Loneliness†, by Lora Colon evokes the negative impact a lonely fate has on a person. Words like â€Å"resigned† and â€Å"loneliness† establish a sense of depression and resignation. During the times of the Great Depression, many people felt similar feelings of melancholy